Market lambs Production
We have bought 20 sheep to be fattened and sold in a couple of months from now in the occasion of the islamic festival called Aid or Eid , when each family
"Festival of the Sacrifice"), also called the "Sacrifice Feast" or "Bakr-Eid", is the second of two Muslim holidays celebrated worldwide each year, and considered the holiest of the two. It honors the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son, as an act of submission to God's command, before God then intervened, through his angel Jibra'il (Gabriel) and informs him that his sacrifice has already been accepted. The meat from the sacrificed animal is preferred to be divided into three parts. The family retains one third of the share; another third is given to relatives, friends and neighbors; and the remaining third is given to the poor and needy. In the Islamic lunar calendar, Eid al-Adha falls on the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah and lasts for four days.[3] In the international (Gregorian) calendar, the dates vary from year to year drifting approximately 11 days earlier each year. Eid al-Adha is the latter of the two Eid holidays, the former being Eid al-Fitr. The word "Eid" appears once in Al-Ma'ida, the fifth sura of the Quran, with the meaning "solemn festival".
Fattening or direct selling sheep on the occasion of Eid can earn up to 600 DH / head.
The business is profitable but several risks including mortality and poor sales.
Investment, prices, costs, standards to be met ..., all you need to know.
With the approach of Eid Al Adha (Feast of Sacrifice), many Moroccans who engage in sheep farming to supplement their income. Whether professional or amateur exercising from time to time, they share a market of several billion dirhams whose profitability may be important. Net margin can indeed exceed the 20% of turnover, and the gain per head exceed 600 DH. The business is attractive, but it is also risky. Between livestock mortality, poor sales on the eve of Eid and the shenanigans of intermediaries in the souks, the operation can easily result in a loss. We must therefore have experience and master all aspects of this business.
The seasonal fattening if one is in the duration
Investment in sheep farming can take two forms. The first being the seasonal fattening. This activity requires a certain level of investment and is for people wishing to state the operation for several years. In this case, the startup process must take 2 to 3 months before Eid. The second form of this business is limited, it, simple trade sheep to days of Eid. In both situations, industry professionals advise those starting in this business to begin with a herd of 40 heads to a minimum and not exceed 100 for a first experience.
Let's start with the seasonal fattening activity. Prior to source sheep, he must first think to convert a barn comply with health standards. The minimum density to be considered is 1 sheep per square meter. The room must also contain five to six windows of an area of one square meter in order to promote ventilation. In winter, it will reinforce the windows with a plastic cover to prevent the temperature is below 25 °. In summer, by cons, the temperature should not exceed 40 °. It should also provide the stable of feeders and waterers. These facilities can cost from 150 to 1000 DH DH according to quality. Each piece can cover the needs of ten animals.
Choosing the right souk and the right breed
So if you want to acquire a 40 heads herd, must have a room of 60 m2 in peripheral zone. The acquisition of the latter can cost, for example, in the region of Marrakech, between 20 000 and 50 000 DH according to the quality of its manufacture and its location.
After preparing the local you have to go to the acquisition of the herd. The supply can be from farms or souks. The product firm is more, the majority of farmers have recourse to the souks. The cost of the transaction will be tied to an approximate valuation, based on the appearance of the sheep. The most famous souks for practitioners of this craft are Tlat Benguerir, Tlat Oulad Fares, Beni and Meskine Larbaât Marrakech. Within these markets, the two races are predominant, the Sardi and Bergui. It is highly recommended to source Sardi, known for its tasty flesh and coveted for an occasion like Eid Al Adha. Note also that it is imperative to scrutinize the sheep that are available, because sometimes a sick animal or from the herd. Also look out for hooves and horns. The more they are, the more sheep will gain weight with fattening. But the appearance says nothing about the age of the sheep. To find out, check his teeth. If he replaced two milk incisors, then it has exceeded a year. This one is named "Tni". If the replaced teeth are four in number, then the sheep exceeded two years, and it is called "Rbaï". The most popular is the one whose age is one year. Below, the sheep is not religiously valid for the party.
2 kg of food and 5 liters per head per day
To return to our example, the acquisition of a 40 head of cattle with an average age of one year and weighing up to 40 kg can return to 68 000 DH at a rate of 1700 DH head (the price three months of the celebration vary between 1500 and 2000 DH). We must now transport the sheep to the local feeder. The charge is estimated by professionals 5 dirhams per head or DH 200 in total, but can vary according to distance from the souk of the room.
After installing the herd, fattening begins. The sheep feed often consists of straw, bran, corn and barley. The ideal and offer to 1kg of his sheep, half a kilo of corn and half a kilo of barley per day. It must freely drink at least 5 liters of water per day. The cost of food is estimated by professionals at DH 5 per head per day.
Element not to be overlooked: the vaccine against the biliary diseases and pest control. Both treatments are the most common for live sheep. The vaccine vial costs 60 DH and covers the needs of 25 sheep. It must be applied once during the three months.
The pest control costs for its 400 DH and can cover the needs of 40 sheep over the same period. The state conducts sanitary control in the event of an outbreak of contagious diseases. Note that the proper observance of hygiene can reduce the mortality rate of sheep which averages close to 8%. You will also need workers who will fertilize the herd. The latter will cost you between 1000 and 1200 dirhams per month. After three months fattening, sheep should reach a weight of 60 kg minimum. On this side, the customer will not be satisfied. If for example they exceed 70 to 80 kg, this can only improve the profitability of the investment.
The average price of sheep will be 3 000 DH this year
Ten days separate you from the feast of sacrifice. You can make a few sales in rural areas, but it is far more profitable to move to the cities. You will be carrying your livestock in town to reach a wider clientele. Transport costs depend on the distance, but is estimated to average 20 dirhams per head.
In the city, it is also necessary to rent a suitable local herd. In Casablanca, the premises for this purpose cost 300 DH per day in the neighborhood "Afriquia" but can go up to 600 DH. Many customers who are moving to individuals instead of the souks to buy their sheep. This behavior is explained by the confidence offered by this form of distribution. Word-of-mouth is important to know a store and the quality of its herd. The price level has more. This year the average price of mutton will, according to forecasts professionals, 3000 DH. Note that the price depends on both supply and demand than speculation in markets. Note in this regard that the herd this year should be close to that of last year and will reach more than 6 million head according to several estimates.
You can also use the souk, but you must be accompanied by a connoisseur. This distribution channel is difficult and risks ranging from theft to price manipulation by intermediaries to break lovers. To reduce the risk of poor sales, you can wind up at the beginning of the period preceding the feast of sacrifice. Even if you apply a lower price than the market, you can realize gains. However there remains a risk and can result in a subsequent sale to butchers. The offer price will be 50% lower than in the souk. This is explained by the fact that only half the sheep weight consists of meat.
Finally, in terms of the simple resale of sheep, the only differences with the fattening of activity are the highest purchase price of the herd (DH 500 more per head), lack of investment and immunization and the shortest duration of animal feed.
FOCUS: Sardi, Bergui, Dman ... what characterizes each breed of sheep
There are several breeds of sheep in Morocco, two of which are the most dominant: the Sardi race and Bergui race. The first is with a clear complexion. It is renowned for the quality of meat it provides. The specialized areas are Sardi Kalaat Sraghna, Beni Meskine, Chaouia and Tadla-Azilal. The race has Bergui by against a darker complexion and provides a meat of lower quality than the first. The regions that offer this breed are Khénifra Oujda. The price of Sardi may exceed the 25% Bergui. This difference limits the use of Sardi on special occasions. There are other races that remain unpopular because of their inability to gain weight, as Boujaâd race that exists mainly in areas of Khouribga and Beni Mellal. The latter is known for its yellow complexion. Dman the race is renowned for its for its outstanding imaging performance.
In summary, the race that most reports is that of Sardi. The increase in margins is often accepted by customers who wish to procure.
Agriculture plays an important role in Morocco. According to official statistics,
there are 8.7 million hectares of agricultural land of which 14.4% are irrigated, 5
million are forest, and 23 million are pasture (Ministere de l’Agriculture 1998).
Depending on climatic conditions, agriculture, including forestry and deep-sea
fishing, annually contributes between 12% and 24% to the national GDP. In 1998,
the country’s GDP was US$35,546 million and the agricultural GDP was around
US$5,688 million (Secrétariat d’Etat à la Population 1999). Agriculture also
employs 3.4 million people, which represents 40% of the total active population,
and 76% of the rural active population (Ministere des Plans 1994).
Livestock is one of the most important components of agriculture. Its contribu-
tion to the agricultural GDP ranges from 20% to 25%. It employs 20% of the
active rural population and secures the industry and artisanal sectors with products
such as milk, meat, wool, and skins. Moreover, animal products represent 35% of
total food consumption. Livestock production is practiced on 1,100,123 farms,
representing 74% of the total number of agricultural farms (1,496,349 farms)
(Ministere de l’Agriculture 1998).
Small ruminants have an important economic and social role. Their estimated
contribution to the country’s GDP varies from 1.5% to 2%. There are 781,563
farms practicing sheep production, representing 52% of all agricultural farms and
71% of all livestock farms (all species). Farms practicing goat production number
301,897, representing 20% of total agricultural farms and 27% of livestock farms
(Table 1) (Ministere de l’Agriculture 1998).
Small ruminants are raised by both farmers who own land and those who are
without land:
• Landless farmers keep 7.9% of the total number of sheep and 12.7% of the
total number of goats.
• Farmers that have less than 1 ha of land keep 8.2% of sheep and 15.4% of goats.
• Farmers that have 1-10 ha of land keep 47.8% of sheep and 55.2% of goats.
• Farmers that have 10-100 ha of land keep 33.4% of sheep and 16.2% of goats.
• Farmers that have more than 100 ha of land keep 2.7% of sheep and 0.5% of
goats.
Moreover, 61% of farmers have less than 20 sheep, 34% own from 20 to 50
sheep and 5% have more than 50 sheep. Also, 78% of farmers have less than 20
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